Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

[I] Art has always played a vital role in human culture, serving as a mirror reflecting societal values and challenges. [II] As the saying goes, “art imitates life,” highlighting how creative expression often mirrors the world around us. [III] From historical paintings to contemporary installations, art captures the zeitgeist, influencing public perception and sparking dialogue on critical issues. [IV]

In recent years, there has been a surge in socially engaged art, where artists use their work to address pressing social concerns. This aims not only to evoke emotions but also to inspire action. For instance, muralists may create large-scale works that comment on social justice, inviting the community to engage with the themes presented. Through these artistic expressions, communities can come together, fostering a sense of unity and purpose. Socially engaged art can vary from murals that advocate for environmental sustainability to digital pieces that address mental health, showing the versatility and reach of art in today’s world.

However, not everyone appreciates the value of art in social movements. Some argue that art should remain separate from politics, fearing that it might lose its intrinsic beauty and significance. Yet, proponents contend that art’s capacity to challenge the status quo is precisely what makes it powerful. By encouraging discourse, art can pave the way for change, urging society to confront uncomfortable truths. As some have noted, art’s ability to move people emotionally is precisely why it should tackle social and political themes, serving as a force for positive transformation.

Ultimately, the relationship between art and society is complex and multifaceted. Art not only reflects societal issues but also has the potential to drive change. As the world continues to evolve, so too will the role of art in shaping public consciousness and inspiring action. Whether through traditional forms or innovative methods, art remains a powerful medium for addressing the issues that define each era.

The word “this” in paragraph 2 refers to _______.